acer aspire a515-44 force shutdown after plugging/unplugging power/charging

Early 2020 model, the battery may have insufficient capacity left, Window11 Power management will throttle when the battery charge <50% and the system will shut down if a bad battery is detected. Run a battery report in Windows and look what the last fully charged (100%) capacity is, if way down you need to replace the battery: Paste this in the Command Prompt opened as Administrator: powercfg /batteryreport and press Enter.

Design capacity: 48Wh last capacity: 32,366Wh or 67%, 33% wear, yes, that battery is only 2-3 years old. But you should also look at the colored graph profile in Battery Report if that is almost vertical and linear. So, the problem is not the battery. What you can try next is disconnect the power adapter and stick a pin in the small pinhole with a battery sign at the back of the laptop (see red circle picture) till you feel it click, keep the pin down for a few seconds to reset the battery and reboot.

If that did not help, try this: Power drain + CMOS reset: Open the back of the laptop and disconnect the battery cable from the motherboard. Locate the round CMOS module (with 2 twisted wires Red and Black, see red circle picture) and remove the coin battery. Shorten the +/- contacts (terminals) inside the CMOS capsule for 2 seconds with a bended paperclip and put the coin battery back with the + sign facing up, close the CMOS capsule. Unseat the RAM module and secure firmly back in the RAM slot. Next, press the Power Button on the keyboard for 10-15 seconds after that reconnect the battery cable to the motherboard. Close the laptop, plug-in the adapter and try to boot.