Only the USB2 port card on the right is replaceable at reasonable cost. But only if indeed the card itself took the bront of the jolt, not the mainboard's USBuss. So may be fixable by simply replacing the card. But still not guaranteed if the jolt travelled the card ribbon cable connector to the mainboard.

The two USB3 ports are soldered directly the mainboard's USBuss, so the mainboard took the hit. Because one or more of many discrete components that are associated with the buss could've been zapped, makes the situation more complicated. Without circuit analysis tools, this can sometimes be done by inspecting the mainboard with a magnifying glass for charred or cracked chips and inductors which are usually marked with a part no. if they're replaceable with pencil-tip soldering tools. DigiKey and MouserElectronics can sometimes supply these discrete parts. Since you heard a 'pop'. I'd guess at least one chip blew a hole in itself from overheating. Sorry, I can't even begin to guess where you should look without actually seeing both sides of the board in person with my magnifying glass.

You might want to take it to a local laptop repair service for an evaluation and repair estimate. However, I don't think replacing the whole mainboard is a practical solution.