@Ibius

You can try the system restore - chose an earlier date - Restore the computer to an earlier date on which it was working fine and it should work fine.  Click on finish and yes.  Computer will restart and it will load the windows.   You can also initialize the repair and check as the second option. 

If it is still not working then please try the following steps...

Doing the power drain and bios defaults will really help.  Kindly follow the steps given below:

Turn off the laptop. Disconnect or unplug  the charger cable, devices or any other cables connected to your laptop. Close your laptop. Turn it upside down.  On the bottom of the laptop, you can find a  pin hole. It is a tiny hole. You can a find a battery symbol indicator next to the hole. It is like a + and - sign symbol as though somebody is trying to shift the battery out. Insert the pin on to the hole for 30 seconds. Remove the pin. Flip the laptop. Connect the charger cable, turn on the computer.  Only on laptops where the battery is inbuilt you can find the battery reset hole on the back of laptop.

If you dont find a pin hole on the back of laptop then you might be using removable battery. There is no need to unscrew anything to remove the battery.  Turn off the laptop. Disconnect or unplug  the charger cable, devices and any other cables connected to your laptop. Close your laptop. Turn it upside down.  On the bottom of the laptop, please look at the top or bottom depending on the way you look at it. You can find a long door. It is a battery removable door.  Just below that you can find a latch.  If you move the latch you can remove the battery door. Once the battery is removed,  flip the laptop. Open the top cover, press and hold the power button for 1 minute. Connect the battery back on the back of computer. Connect the charger cable back and then turn on the computer. 

 

If you don’t see a reset pin hole on the back of laptop or if you are not able to remove the battery (if it is inbuilt ) then please unplug all the cables and devices out of laptop.   Hold the power button for 1 minute.   Connect all the cables back and restart the computer.  

While turning on the computer, tap f2. It  will go to bios. Press f9  once. It will show load bios defaults with a yes or no popup. Press enter. Popup screen will disappear.  Press f10 once. It will show save changes popup with yes or no. Press enter. Computer will restart and it will load into windows.   

 

It might also be the issue with battery, charger or power outlet.   Try to use the charger in a different room on a different power outlet.  Try to bypass the surge protector and connect it directly to power outlet.    Try to use an alternative charger if possible.    Try to turn on the computer without the charger and check it  ( as long as the battery is not drained out )  

@Ibius

Turn off the computer.    Tap f2 while turning on the computer.   It will go to bios.  
Tap f9 once - it will show you the screen - load defaults with yes and no - press enter 
Tap f10 once - It will show you the screen to save the changes - press enter
computer will restart and it will load the windows. 

If it is going to windows advanced options  - you can see the six options which you have mentioned earlier
you will see the option uefi firmware right next system restore, system repair, command prompt, uninstall updates, startup settings
click on uefi firmware - it will go to bios
Tap f9 once - it will show you the screen - load defaults with yes and no - press enter 
Tap f10 once - It will show you the screen to save the changes - press enter

If it is still not working - on the advanced options - click on startup settings  
click on restart
chose 5 or press 5 on keyboard   The option name is enable safe mode with networking   -  It will show you the login screen
It will go to safe mode with networking.    

If it is still not working - on the troubleshoot , continue , advanced options screen
click on troubleshoot - reset your pc 
chose keep my files  ( Only the applications will be lost ) - click on the user name - type the password 
click on local reinstall - click on reset
it will be in progress
Computer will be loading the windows and it will working fine..