The laptop had 4GB RAM soldered and a slot in which another 4GB module (ADATA) resided. I had switched out the latter with a Crucial 16GB one about a year later. For ~4.5 years there was no issue but suddenly over the last 2 weeks several BSODs occurred resulting in the laptop stuck at the BIOS (garbled display, nothing could be made out) with the LED backlight switching on and off every few seconds in an infinite loop. Hard pressing the power button seemed to have no effect.
Since one of the BSODs had displayed "Attempt to execute no execute memory" error I thought of removing the module to check and it allowed the system to reboot normally. Thereafter removing the module everytime the system got struck at the BOIS was the necessary fix. I then inserted the original ADATA module but the problem persisted to my surprise. It mostly occurred while playing games (because of high RAM demands the module was in greater use? ) However if I kept the slot empty I could play the same game with no issue albeit I had to switch to the NVIDIA GPU from the Intel GPU as otherwise with just 4GB RAM the game was just killed a few minutes after launch probably because the Intel GPU had to share the physical memory unlike the former with it's dedicated memory (Event Log showed Resource Exhaustion errors).
It's highly unlikely for 2 modules to become defective at the same time so I am thinking maybe somehow the RAM slot itself has become defective?
How can I diagnose this issue?
[Edited the thread to add issue detail]